[The domestic SIC single crystal has made a major breakthrough and the equipment volume and weight have been reduced by about 50%.] Recently, the China Electronics Science and Technology Institute revealed that they achieved breakthroughs in the research of large-diameter silicon carbide (SIC) single crystal growth, achieving high linearity. The mass production of SIC powder indicates that China has made great progress in this material field.
SIC single crystal is considered to be one of the most widely used new materials. It is characterized by its stable performance, excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. This material is widely used in machinery, electronics and other fields and is a national defense construction and national. One of the key materials urgently needed by the economy.
Domestic Taihang Engine
Inconspicuous SIC material is essential for improving aeroengine performance
The most interesting application of SIC materials is the use of engines, especially aero engines. Aeroengine design requirements are to use lighter weight, provide more thrust, and achieve this goal to increase the engine operating temperature, which is what we often hear. Pre-turbine temperature, but increasing the temperature before the turbine means that the material must have better high-temperature performance, which will reduce the engine cooling requirements, simplify the engine structure, reduce weight, generally that the engine weight 1 kg, the aircraft weight will be reduced by 3 kg, If the materials are not closed, complex cooling means are required. As a result, the engine structure will be more complicated, and the weight will increase. The increase in the weight of the engine will cause the weight of the aircraft to rise further. The contribution of high temperature materials to the engine and the aircraft can be imagined.
Aeroengines work in high temperature, high speed, and high pressure environments and require high material requirements
The LEAP engine uses SIC-based ceramic matrix composites, which successfully reduces engine weight and reduces aircraft weight
F414's tail spout also uses SIC material
From the perspective of the research progress of domestic and foreign aeroengines, metal high-temperature materials have approached the limit, and the future development focus is on ceramic matrix composites (CMC). CMC materials use fiber toughness to make up for the fragility of ceramic materials. As mentioned earlier, SIC materials have excellent performance. Due to its high temperature resistance, wear resistance and other properties, SIC materials are among the most popular among ceramic matrix composites. At present, CMC materials have been used in aviation engines. For example, the new generation of LEAP turbofan engines use CMC materials to allow engines. The weight is reduced by hundreds of kilograms, which in turn allows the aircraft to reduce its structural weight by nearly one ton, greatly improving the economic performance of the aircraft. It can be said that the effect is remarkable. Domestic research in this field has also been carried out. The turbine blade based on CMC material has been completed and carried out. The ground test, from the relevant data, the turbine blade based on CMC material compared with the metal turbine blade, the weight reduction of about 70%, can make the engine performance has been effectively improved.
In addition to the engine blades, the CMC material can also be used for other engine components such as fuel chambers, tail spouts, etc. It can also be placed on the surface of the aircraft as a heat-resistant layer to prevent the airframe from being heated by the aerodynamic heating and adversely affect the aircraft structure. influences.
SIC also has a wide range of uses in the new generation of electronic materials. The picture shows the domestic SIC chip.
Ford class aircraft carrier substation system uses SIC-based electrical components
The application of SIC is not only limited to the mechanical field, but also has a wide range of uses in the semiconductor field. The traditional silicon-based (SI) materials have poor high-temperature resistance, and it is generally believed that the operating temperature of SI-based integrated circuits cannot exceed 250 degrees, thus limiting the work of devices. With the increasing performance requirements of electronic equipment, the performance requirements for equipment power, voltage, and environment are getting higher and higher, and the performance of SIC materials is much better than that of SI materials, for example, the withstand voltage is 10 times that of the latter, and silicon carbide can The band spacing is 2.8 times that of silicon (wide band gap) to 3.09 electron volts. Its dielectric breakdown field strength is 5.3 times that of silicon, and its thermal conductivity is 3.3 times that of silicon. Therefore, it is more suitable for manufacturing electronic devices that are resistant to radiation, high frequency, high power, and high density. It is reported that the United States Ford class substation system uses SIC-based devices, thereby reducing the size and weight of equipment by about 50%.
To sum up, we can see that Chinese companies have made breakthroughs in SIC materials, and have laid a solid foundation for improving the performance of domestic engines and electronic equipment, thus providing strong support and guarantee for the development of domestic weapons and equipment.
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