Cascade isolation barrier to meet high creepage distance requirements

There are some problems with using a sequential optocoupler to create a dual isolation barrier because of the poor data integrity and the lack of a compact and inexpensive way to provide power to the interface between the two isolation barriers.

With the advent of high-performance digital isolators, the establishment of high-voltage isolation barriers through layered isolators has become a viable solution. Due to the rapid expansion of the new battery and power generation industries, we need interfaces with very high operating voltages and reinforced insulation. For example, solar inverter applications have the following requirements:

Working Voltage 800Vdc
Working voltage 800Vdc
PolluTIon Degree 2
Pollution degree 2
Overvoltage Category III
Overvoltage category III
Under IEC62109 for reinforced insulaTIon this would require:
According to the IEC 62109 standard for reinforced insulation, this requires:
Impulse withstand voltage of 6000Vpeak
Pulse withstand voltage: 6000Vpeak
Working voltage of 800Vdc
Working voltage: 800Vdc
Reinforced Clearance of 8mm
Enhanced clearance: 8mm
Reinforced Creepage of 16mm
Increase creepage distance: 16mm
单词, creeper is not possible with current barrier. However, if the barrier can be broken into a basic and supplemental barrier, then the requirement for each barrier is:
This creepage distance is not possible in the current package. However, if the isolation barrier can be divided into a basic isolation barrier and a supplementary isolation barrier, the requirements for each isolation barrier are:
Impulse withstand voltage of 6000Vpeak
Pulse withstand voltage: 6000Vpeak
Working voltage of 800Vdc
Working voltage: 800Vdc
Basic/Supplemental Clearance of 5.5mm
Basic / supplementary clearance: 5.5mm
Basic/Supplemental Creepage of 8mm
Basic / supplementary creepage distance: 8mm

The iCoupler digital isolators are used in the SOIC16W package to achieve basic/supplemental insulation creepage, clearance and pulse voltage requirements. The block diagram below shows how to cascade isoPower devices and standard high voltage iCoupler digital isolators to provide the required isolation. The overall performance of the data channel must be determined with great care.

The propagation delay, pulse width distortion, and channel matching values ​​between the two components will increase. The maximum data rate will be limited by the slower devices in the two devices. isoPower provides power to run the intermediate interface. At data rates up to 1 mB/s, the entire isolation barrier requires approximately 20 mA of power at 5V. At higher data rates, more power is needed.

If power must be delivered across two isolation barriers to power an isolated load, the two devices must be cascaded as shown below.

This configuration is very compact, but the total efficiency is very low. The figure below shows the power of the load. If the data transfer rate is higher than 1 Mbps, the data transfer will use a portion of the available power, and the power consumption of each stage must be calculated in detail. As shown, the application takes approximately 40mA from the primary input to create the entire interface.

Efficiency for Back to Back ADuM6200
Back-to-back efficiency of the ADuM6200

This approach can solve a major problem in solar inverter applications. This approach can be applied to different objectives in different standards and applications, depending on the specifics of the specific system standard. Multiple combinations of isoPower devices, digital isolators, and device interfaces can be used to create isolated digital I2C and USB interfaces with or without end-load power consumption.

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