Introduction: Although there are many kinds of electrical products in China, the overall efficiency is not high. According to Xiong Huawen, deputy director of the Energy Efficiency Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China's current electrical system operating efficiency is generally low and energy consumption is high. The level is 20%~30% lower.†How does an inefficient motor meet the energy saving challenge?
"Since July 1, 2011, it is forbidden to sell Class 3 energy-efficient motors." Implementation of the mandatory standard "Energy Efficiency Limitation and Energy-saving Evaluation for Small and Medium-sized Three-phase Asynchronous Motors" issued by the National Standardization Administration in 2006 indicates that energy conservation will be realized. In the future, motors will completely replace traditional inefficient motors. For inefficient motors, this seems to mean a complete withdrawal.
However, in fact, at present, the market for high-efficiency motors in China accounts for only 10% to 15% of the total market, and 90% of these high-efficiency motors are used for export; although the energy efficiency standards for motors produced and sold after July 1, 2011 have been made Mandatory standards, but inefficient motors that have already been put into use still dominate the future.
Since it will not exit quickly, then the energy conservation requirement is indisputable for the boycott of inefficient motors. In the face of high-efficiency and energy-saving requirements, how will inefficient motors respond to energy-saving challenges? The National Remanufacturing Demonstration Project “National Motor High Efficiency Remanufacturing Demonstration Project†was launched in Shanghai on October 25. It is undoubtedly an effective way to solve this problem.
The potential for energy conservation cannot be underestimated. According to statistics, China currently has approximately 100 million industrial motors, 25 million compressors, and 30 million turbines and pumps. In 2010, the total installed capacity of various types of electric motors in China was approximately 1.2 billion kilowatts. About 2.5 trillion kWh (according to the average annual operating time of 2000 hours), the electricity consumption of the motor occupies a considerable proportion of the total electricity consumption in the country, and its electricity consumption accounts for about 66% of the industrial electricity consumption. About 50% of the country's total electricity consumption.
Although China has a wide range of motor products, the overall efficiency is not high. According to Xiong Huawen, deputy director of the Energy Efficiency Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China's current motor system operating efficiency is generally low and energy consumption is high. It's 20%~30% lower."
At present, the motor used in our country is mainly the Y series motor popularized in the 1980s and a considerable part of the JQ2 series motor, and its efficiency is 2 to 3 percentage points lower than that of the Y2 series motor. Combined with the backwardness of equipment such as fans and pumps, the efficiency of the unit itself is 3 to 5 percentage points lower than that of developed countries.
At the same time, due to poor reliability of equipment and backward design concepts, many users consider the safety factor to be too large in the selection, generally taking a margin of 10% to 15%, “a large horse-drawn car is a serious phenomenon†and a low-load operation, resulting in a pole Big waste. Therefore, the industry generally believes that inefficient motors have a 50% energy saving potential. Industrial energy conservation must start by improving the efficiency of motors.
Actively respond to the energy saving challenge The “High-performance Remanufacturing Demonstration Project of the National Motor†involves highly efficient motor remanufacturing. It adopts a non-destructive, environmentally friendly, non-polluting dismantling method to maximize the use and recycling of parts of the original motor, replacing new windings, Insulation, bearings and other components will eventually transform the inefficient old motor into a high-efficiency motor, which is an effective way for resource conservation and comprehensive utilization. It can prevent the old motor from flowing into the secondary market from the source, and reduce the cost of high-efficiency motor use.
According to Chen Weihua, secretary-general of the Small Electrical Machinery Branch of the China Electrical Equipment Industry Association, it is of great significance to re-stock inefficient motors into high-efficiency motors. If 10 million kilowatts are replaced with ordinary efficient motors and remanufactured into high-efficiency motors, annual energy savings of 3.7 billion kWh (about 4.7% of the total industrial electricity consumption) can be achieved, and 55,000 tons of iron castings and silicon steel sheets can be recycled. 6.1 Ten thousand tons. Such a huge amount of re-use of inefficient motors will not be replaced, and there will be a huge gap in the completion of energy-saving and emission reduction targets by 2020.
According to Chen Weihua, at present, in China, some motor system users lack awareness of the economic benefits brought about by the energy saving of inefficient motor systems, or there are obstacles to the technical problems of the energy-saving transformation of the motor system. At the same time, the lack of information platform sharing makes the motor system energy-saving. emphasized. In foreign countries, implementation of inefficient motor improvements has already begun.
According to the reporter's understanding, since the 1990s, the United States has begun to start motor improvement programs. In recent years, Australia, Canada, and other countries generally tend to accelerate the upgrading of various types of motors, and innovate the traditional structure of motors, integrating devices with information processing and control functions with electric motors, and electromechanical integration products have become an inevitable trend in the development of electric motors. . Electric motors are increasingly developing in the direction of high performance, high precision, large capacity, miniaturization, digitization, and intelligence.
Application of advanced technology In recent years, the energy-saving engineering of the motor system has been an important part of the national energy conservation medium and long-term planning and the ten key energy-saving projects in the “11th Five-Year Planâ€. On the basis of updating and renovating the motor, the energy-saving method of improving the operating efficiency, which is mainly based on frequency conversion and speed regulation, is widely recognized by the industry.
As an important energy-saving technology, frequency conversion technology can change the power supply frequency of the power equipment in real time, and then achieve the purpose of controlling the output power of the equipment. This technology changes the output power of the shaft through variable frequency speed control, so that the motor can output power according to actual needs, achieving the purpose of reducing the input power and saving the power. Compared with the traditional fixed speed motor, the motor system can reduce energy consumption by up to 30% after frequency conversion. the above.
China's motor system is lagging behind in regulation, and most of the adjustments of fans and pumps still use mechanical baffle throttling methods, making the rotary encoder 30% lower than in developed countries. Relevant experts pointed out that the use of advanced power electronic frequency control to replace the traditional DC motor speed control method, can improve efficiency and achieve energy-saving effect.
In the petroleum and chemical industries, the amount of motor drive equipment such as fans, pumps, and compressors is very large. Theoretically, variable frequency technology can be used for energy-saving transformation, which has great potential for energy conservation. Taking the injection molding machine as an example, the conventional quantitative pump on the injection molding machine is transformed into a variable frequency variable displacement pump, which can minimize the return flow of the relief valve and avoid the energy loss of the high pressure throttling, thereby further reducing the traditional high pressure throttling. "Energy-consuming" injection molding machines have been upgraded to "energy-saving" injection molding machines without high pressure and throttling. The power-saving efficiency can reach 20% to 30% or more.
At the same time, the frequency conversion drive has the following five characteristics: First, do not change the original equipment, including the motor itself; Second, it can achieve stepless speed regulation to meet the drive equipment requirements; Third, the soft start, soft stop of the inverter The function can avoid the negative influence of starting current impact on the power grid, reduce the power supply capacity, reduce the mechanical inertia, and reduce the mechanical loss. Fourthly, it can be open-loop, closed-loop manual/automatic control without being influenced by the power frequency; When the speed is low, the fixed torque output and low speed overload capability are better; the power factor of the motor increases as the speed increase power increases.
The frequency conversion, high-efficiency and energy saving of the motor has gradually been recognized and applied by people, and it has also driven the prosperity of the inverter market. At present, China's AC motor variable frequency speed regulation market has developed rapidly, with an annual growth rate of 12%, and various high and low voltage frequency converters have been promoted and applied in energy saving of motor systems. According to statistics, in 2009, China's low-voltage inverter market sales reached 13 billion yuan, hundreds of domestic companies and brands emerged, the total output value of more than 40 billion yuan, accounting for 30% of market share. High-voltage inverters are the focus of current motor energy conservation, and localization rates account for 60% of the market share.
In terms of frequency conversion energy-saving standards, China currently has national standards for motor frequency conversion and energy-saving devices. According to briefings, as early as the early 1980s, relevant experts proposed to implement energy-saving motor speed control technology in China.
During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, China began to carry out energy-saving reform of the motor and motor drive system; during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the State proposed to optimize the transformation of LDO energy-saving fans, pumps, and compressor systems in the construction and power industries to promote frequency control. The automation system control technology lays a good foundation for the promotion and application of motor energy-saving technologies. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the motor industry presents a variety of opportunities and challenges in terms of innovation and transformation and development. For the sustainable and healthy development of the motor industry and tapping into the energy-saving potential of the motor system, the use of frequency conversion technology will undoubtedly bring great benefits. . Chen Weihua told the reporter: “The motor industry must seize the favorable opportunity for the country to develop and cultivate strategic emerging industries and promote the energy-saving engineering of motor systems, vigorously carry out technological innovations, business innovations, and accelerate the structural adjustment and change of development methods.â€
How to effectively promote the energy-saving work of the motor? Zhang Xin, assistant to the president of the China National Institute of Standardization, suggested that a department should take the lead and participate in a number of mechanisms to integrate individual and decentralized systems, implement contract energy management in the field of electric motors, and use market mechanisms to promote the conversion of low-efficiency motors. .
"Since July 1, 2011, it is forbidden to sell Class 3 energy-efficient motors." Implementation of the mandatory standard "Energy Efficiency Limitation and Energy-saving Evaluation for Small and Medium-sized Three-phase Asynchronous Motors" issued by the National Standardization Administration in 2006 indicates that energy conservation will be realized. In the future, motors will completely replace traditional inefficient motors. For inefficient motors, this seems to mean a complete withdrawal.
However, in fact, at present, the market for high-efficiency motors in China accounts for only 10% to 15% of the total market, and 90% of these high-efficiency motors are used for export; although the energy efficiency standards for motors produced and sold after July 1, 2011 have been made Mandatory standards, but inefficient motors that have already been put into use still dominate the future.
Since it will not exit quickly, then the energy conservation requirement is indisputable for the boycott of inefficient motors. In the face of high-efficiency and energy-saving requirements, how will inefficient motors respond to energy-saving challenges? The National Remanufacturing Demonstration Project “National Motor High Efficiency Remanufacturing Demonstration Project†was launched in Shanghai on October 25. It is undoubtedly an effective way to solve this problem.
The potential for energy conservation cannot be underestimated. According to statistics, China currently has approximately 100 million industrial motors, 25 million compressors, and 30 million turbines and pumps. In 2010, the total installed capacity of various types of electric motors in China was approximately 1.2 billion kilowatts. About 2.5 trillion kWh (according to the average annual operating time of 2000 hours), the electricity consumption of the motor occupies a considerable proportion of the total electricity consumption in the country, and its electricity consumption accounts for about 66% of the industrial electricity consumption. About 50% of the country's total electricity consumption.
Although China has a wide range of motor products, the overall efficiency is not high. According to Xiong Huawen, deputy director of the Energy Efficiency Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China's current motor system operating efficiency is generally low and energy consumption is high. It's 20%~30% lower."
At present, the motor used in our country is mainly the Y series motor popularized in the 1980s and a considerable part of the JQ2 series motor, and its efficiency is 2 to 3 percentage points lower than that of the Y2 series motor. Combined with the backwardness of equipment such as fans and pumps, the efficiency of the unit itself is 3 to 5 percentage points lower than that of developed countries.
At the same time, due to poor reliability of equipment and backward design concepts, many users consider the safety factor to be too large in the selection, generally taking a margin of 10% to 15%, “a large horse-drawn car is a serious phenomenon†and a low-load operation, resulting in a pole Big waste. Therefore, the industry generally believes that inefficient motors have a 50% energy saving potential. Industrial energy conservation must start by improving the efficiency of motors.
Actively respond to the energy saving challenge The “High-performance Remanufacturing Demonstration Project of the National Motor†involves highly efficient motor remanufacturing. It adopts a non-destructive, environmentally friendly, non-polluting dismantling method to maximize the use and recycling of parts of the original motor, replacing new windings, Insulation, bearings and other components will eventually transform the inefficient old motor into a high-efficiency motor, which is an effective way for resource conservation and comprehensive utilization. It can prevent the old motor from flowing into the secondary market from the source, and reduce the cost of high-efficiency motor use.
According to Chen Weihua, secretary-general of the Small Electrical Machinery Branch of the China Electrical Equipment Industry Association, it is of great significance to re-stock inefficient motors into high-efficiency motors. If 10 million kilowatts are replaced with ordinary efficient motors and remanufactured into high-efficiency motors, annual energy savings of 3.7 billion kWh (about 4.7% of the total industrial electricity consumption) can be achieved, and 55,000 tons of iron castings and silicon steel sheets can be recycled. 6.1 Ten thousand tons. Such a huge amount of re-use of inefficient motors will not be replaced, and there will be a huge gap in the completion of energy-saving and emission reduction targets by 2020.
According to Chen Weihua, at present, in China, some motor system users lack awareness of the economic benefits brought about by the energy saving of inefficient motor systems, or there are obstacles to the technical problems of the energy-saving transformation of the motor system. At the same time, the lack of information platform sharing makes the motor system energy-saving. emphasized. In foreign countries, implementation of inefficient motor improvements has already begun.
According to the reporter's understanding, since the 1990s, the United States has begun to start motor improvement programs. In recent years, Australia, Canada, and other countries generally tend to accelerate the upgrading of various types of motors, and innovate the traditional structure of motors, integrating devices with information processing and control functions with electric motors, and electromechanical integration products have become an inevitable trend in the development of electric motors. . Electric motors are increasingly developing in the direction of high performance, high precision, large capacity, miniaturization, digitization, and intelligence.
Application of advanced technology In recent years, the energy-saving engineering of the motor system has been an important part of the national energy conservation medium and long-term planning and the ten key energy-saving projects in the “11th Five-Year Planâ€. On the basis of updating and renovating the motor, the energy-saving method of improving the operating efficiency, which is mainly based on frequency conversion and speed regulation, is widely recognized by the industry.
As an important energy-saving technology, frequency conversion technology can change the power supply frequency of the power equipment in real time, and then achieve the purpose of controlling the output power of the equipment. This technology changes the output power of the shaft through variable frequency speed control, so that the motor can output power according to actual needs, achieving the purpose of reducing the input power and saving the power. Compared with the traditional fixed speed motor, the motor system can reduce energy consumption by up to 30% after frequency conversion. the above.
China's motor system is lagging behind in regulation, and most of the adjustments of fans and pumps still use mechanical baffle throttling methods, making the rotary encoder 30% lower than in developed countries. Relevant experts pointed out that the use of advanced power electronic frequency control to replace the traditional DC motor speed control method, can improve efficiency and achieve energy-saving effect.
In the petroleum and chemical industries, the amount of motor drive equipment such as fans, pumps, and compressors is very large. Theoretically, variable frequency technology can be used for energy-saving transformation, which has great potential for energy conservation. Taking the injection molding machine as an example, the conventional quantitative pump on the injection molding machine is transformed into a variable frequency variable displacement pump, which can minimize the return flow of the relief valve and avoid the energy loss of the high pressure throttling, thereby further reducing the traditional high pressure throttling. "Energy-consuming" injection molding machines have been upgraded to "energy-saving" injection molding machines without high pressure and throttling. The power-saving efficiency can reach 20% to 30% or more.
At the same time, the frequency conversion drive has the following five characteristics: First, do not change the original equipment, including the motor itself; Second, it can achieve stepless speed regulation to meet the drive equipment requirements; Third, the soft start, soft stop of the inverter The function can avoid the negative influence of starting current impact on the power grid, reduce the power supply capacity, reduce the mechanical inertia, and reduce the mechanical loss. Fourthly, it can be open-loop, closed-loop manual/automatic control without being influenced by the power frequency; When the speed is low, the fixed torque output and low speed overload capability are better; the power factor of the motor increases as the speed increase power increases.
The frequency conversion, high-efficiency and energy saving of the motor has gradually been recognized and applied by people, and it has also driven the prosperity of the inverter market. At present, China's AC motor variable frequency speed regulation market has developed rapidly, with an annual growth rate of 12%, and various high and low voltage frequency converters have been promoted and applied in energy saving of motor systems. According to statistics, in 2009, China's low-voltage inverter market sales reached 13 billion yuan, hundreds of domestic companies and brands emerged, the total output value of more than 40 billion yuan, accounting for 30% of market share. High-voltage inverters are the focus of current motor energy conservation, and localization rates account for 60% of the market share.
In terms of frequency conversion energy-saving standards, China currently has national standards for motor frequency conversion and energy-saving devices. According to briefings, as early as the early 1980s, relevant experts proposed to implement energy-saving motor speed control technology in China.
During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, China began to carry out energy-saving reform of the motor and motor drive system; during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the State proposed to optimize the transformation of LDO energy-saving fans, pumps, and compressor systems in the construction and power industries to promote frequency control. The automation system control technology lays a good foundation for the promotion and application of motor energy-saving technologies. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the motor industry presents a variety of opportunities and challenges in terms of innovation and transformation and development. For the sustainable and healthy development of the motor industry and tapping into the energy-saving potential of the motor system, the use of frequency conversion technology will undoubtedly bring great benefits. . Chen Weihua told the reporter: “The motor industry must seize the favorable opportunity for the country to develop and cultivate strategic emerging industries and promote the energy-saving engineering of motor systems, vigorously carry out technological innovations, business innovations, and accelerate the structural adjustment and change of development methods.â€
How to effectively promote the energy-saving work of the motor? Zhang Xin, assistant to the president of the China National Institute of Standardization, suggested that a department should take the lead and participate in a number of mechanisms to integrate individual and decentralized systems, implement contract energy management in the field of electric motors, and use market mechanisms to promote the conversion of low-efficiency motors. .
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