With the development of small-scale, lightweight, and high-performance equipment for communication systems, higher requirements have also been placed on front-end frequency selective devices. With the gradual determination of the 5G communication system standard, the best choice for high performance, small size, and lightweight dielectric waveguide filters.
This article describes a dielectric waveguide dual-mode filter design method for the filter design engineers who have little experience to learn, master skip.
Second, dielectric waveguide filter introductionThe dielectric waveguide filter explained in this paper is based on TE mode dielectric waveguide dual mode filter with high Q value, low loss, large power capacity and other advantages. Therefore, in the design of such dual-mode filters, whether the previous multi-port computing design method can be used is the focus of this article.
The following figure shows the four modes in a single resonator:
Through the above electric field distribution diagram can be observed, single-cavity dual-mode, single-cavity three-mode can be freely selected. At higher frequency modes, the higher order mode is optimized by selecting the dielectric constant and controlling the cavity size. Try to increase the frequency of high-order modes and reduce the effect on the passband.
Third, the design process3.1 The design of the multimode filter and the evaluation of the passband performance are the same as the single mode evaluation. However, in the evaluation of the Q value, the Q value of the multimode is higher than that of the single mode. This can be based on the eigenmode. Observed in the simulation. The following figure shows the principle of a dual-cavity 4-mode filter evaluation simulation results:
3.2 Coupling Bandwidth and Input and Output QL
3.3 Calculating Input-Output Coupling in HFSS
In the HFSS calculation input and output coupling, you can use the size of the delay to determine the initial input and output coupling strength. In the simulation, the insertion direction of the connector probe needs to follow the direction of the electric field in a certain mode. As shown below:
When determining input and output coupling, it is necessary to separate other modes due to the influence of the second mode or the third mode. Because there is a coupling between the 1,2 modes here, the delay waveform is double-peaked. Frequency separation can be used to reduce the impact of the second mode on the first mode.
3.4 Calculation of Coupling Bandwidth and Frequency
Choose the multi-port extraction method here, extract the resonant frequency in HFSS, coupling the stored value of the bandwidth
When simulating here, we need to pay special attention to the port's resume method, which needs to follow the direction of the electric field. When calculating the coupling bandwidth, the frequencies of the filter passband harmonics can be observed at the same time. By appropriately selecting the size of the coupling window and the opening direction, the harmonic amplitude of the high-order mode can be reduced as much as possible.
3.5 Filter pass band calculation and optimization
For the optimization calculation of high-order multi-mode filters, two-port S-parameter extraction methods are usually used, and space mapping, genetic algorithms, etc. are also used. Therefore, a reasonable choice of optimization methods can speed up the design, save time, and shorten the filter development cycle.
Summary: The above briefly introduces the design process of a multi-mode dielectric waveguide filter. With the advantages of small size, light weight, and excellent performance in 5G communication systems, it is believed that the application in 5G communication will be more extensive.
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