Here is a simple circuit that allows two levels of mutual conversion (note that they are mutual, bidirectional, not unidirectional). The circuit is very simple, consisting of only three resistors plus a MOS transistor. The circuit diagram is as follows:
In the above figure, S1 and S2 are two signal terminals, and VCC_S1 and VCC_S2 are the high level voltages of these two signals. The other restrictions are:
1. VCC_S1<=VCC_S22.S1 has a low-level threshold greater than 0.7V (depending on the diode drop in the NMOS). 3.Vgs<=VCC_S14.Vds<=VCC_S2
For the mutual conversion of 3.3V and 5V/12V circuits, the NMOS transistor can be selected as AP2306. The principle is relatively simple, let's analyze it yourself! I have applied this circuit in many places and it works well.
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